Clinical papers & publications
In line with our strict clinical governance standards, Optical Express regularly publishes peer review articles, allowing all clinicians in the field to benefit from our knowledge and allowing us to give something back to the wider ophthalmological community.
Which area of research are you interested in?
Intraocular lenses papers
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Immediate Sequential Bilateral Cataract Surgery in Patients with Bilateral Visually Significant Cataracts
Dasi Raju, Stephen J Hannan, Mirna Belovari, Noelle C Hannan, Colin W Berry, Jan A Venter, David Teenan, Steven C Schallhorn, Julie M Schallhorn | May 2024
To report our experience of performing immediate sequential bilateral cataract surgery (ISBCS) in patients with visually significant cataracts and reduced preoperative corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA).
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Angle Kappa is Not Correlated with Patient-Reported Outcomes After Multifocal Lens Implantation
Xi Liu, Stephen J Hannan, Steven C Schallhorn, Julie M Schallhorn | January 2024
To examine the effect of preoperative angle kappa on patient-reported outcomes after multifocal lens placement during cataract surgery and determine if it is an effective measure for preoperative patients screening for multifocal lens placement.
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Incidence of Intraoperative and Early Postoperative Adverse Events in a Large Cohort of Consecutive Refractive Lens Exchange Procedures
Julie M. Schallhorn, Steven C. Schallhorn, David Teenan, Stephen J Hannan, Martina Pelouskova and Jan A. Venter | December 2019
To evaluate the incidence of adverse events (AEs) in patients who underwent refractive lens exchange.
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Initial Experience With a New Refractive Rotationally Asymmetric Multifocal Intraocular Lens
Jan A. Venter, MD; Dean Barclay, MD; Martina Pelouskova, MSc; Claire E. L. Bull, BSc | November 2017
To assess efficacy, safety, predictability, and patient satisfaction after refractive lens exchange with a new refractive rotational asymmetric multifocal intraocular lens.
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RLE in Younger and Older Presbyopes
Steven C Schallhorn, Julie M Schallhorn, Martina Pelouskova, Jan A Venter, Keith A Hettinger, Stephen J Hannan, David Teenan | August 2017
A comprehensive analysis of Intraocular Lens/Cataract surgery outcomes performed at Optical Express using independence.
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How presbyopes can benefit from the Tecnis Symfony lens
Stephen J Hannan | 2016
Stephen Hannan explains how the latest diffractive intraocular lens technology offers presbyopic patients high quality vision and spectacle independence with a look at the Tecnis Symfony lens.
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Advanced IOL Technology for Presbyopes
Stephen J Hannan | August 2016
A comprehensive analysis of Intraocular Lens/Cataract surgery outcomes performed at Optical Express using independence.
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Technological Advances in Intraocular Lens Surgery – Femtosecond Laser-Assisted Cataract Surgery
Dasi Raju | July 2016
The Femtosecond laser–assisted cataract/ NLR surgery seems to be a safe, efficient, and reproducible procedure but more prospective randomized studies will further demonstrate the potential clinical benefits of this emerging technology.
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Exploring advanced IOL technology for patients with presbyopia
Stephen J Hannan | May 2016
New extended range of vision IOLs offer high-quality vision to presbyopic patients, without side effects.
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Outcomes of excimer laser enhancements in pseudophakic patients with multifocal intraocular lens
Steven C Schallhorn, Jan A Venter, David Teenan, Julie M Schallhorn, Keith A Hettinger, Stephen J Hannan, Martina Pelouskova | April 2016
The aim of this study was to assess visual and refractive outcomes of laser vision correction (LVC) to correct residual refraction after multifocal intraocular lens (IOL) implantation.
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NHS comparison with Optical Express clinical outcomes - intraocular lens and cataract
Steven C. Schallhorn. MD | January 2016
Steve Schallhorn compares the results of an independently audited data analysis of Optical Express intraocular lens and cataract outcomes with a recently published study of NHS cataract outcomes.
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Visual acuity improvement in adult amblyopic eyes with an iris-fixated phakic intraocular lens: Long-term results
Jan A. Venter, MD, Martina Pelouskova, MSc, Steven C. Schallhorn, MD, Barrie M. Collins, Dip. Optom (SA), PhD | March 2015
To evaluate the effect of implantation of iris-fixated phakic intraocular lenses (pIOLs) (Artisan) in adult amblyopic eyes. The study analyzed data from 5 years of follow-up of amblyopic eyes that were implanted with iris-fixated pIOLs and had a preoperative corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA) of 6/15 or worse. Visual acuity, refraction, endothelial cell count, and complications were assessed.
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Visual outcomes and patient satisfaction with a rotational asymmetric refractive intraocular lens for emmetropic presbyopia
Jan A. Venter, MD, Martina Pelouskova, MSc, Claire E.L. Bull, BSc, Steven C. Schallhorn, MD, Stephen J. Hannan, MCOptom | March 2015
To evaluate the efficacy, safety, predictability, and patient satisfaction after refractive lens exchange with a zonal refractive intraocular lens (IOL) with an inferior reading addition in emmetropic patients.
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Piggyback Intraocular Lens Implantation to Correct Pseudophakic Refractive Error After Segmental Multifocal Intraocular Lens Implantation
Jan A. Venter, MD; Andre Oberholster, MD; Steven C. Schallhorn, MD; Martina Pelouskova, MSc | January 2014
To evaluate refractive and visual outcomes of secondary piggyback intraocular lens implantation in patients diagnosed as having residual ametropia following segmental multifocal lens implantation.
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Visual outcomes and patient satisfaction in 9366 eyes using a refractive segmented multifocal intraocular lens
Jan A. Venter, MD, Martina Pelouskova, MSc, Barrie M. Collins, Dip.Optom (SA), PhD, Steven C. Schallhorn, MD, Stephen J. Hannan, MCOptom | October 2013
To report the effectiveness, patient satisfaction, and complication rate with a zonal refractive intraocular lens (IOL) in a high volume of patients.
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Outcomes and complications of a multifocal toric intraocular lens with a surface-embedded near section
embedded near section Jan Venter, MD, Martina Pelouskova, MSclens_anchor | June 2013
To evaluate the refractive outcomes and rotational stability after implantation of a multifocal toric intraocular lens (IOL) with a surface-embedded near section.
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Predictors of Patient Satisfaction After Refractive Lens Exchange With an Extended Depth of Focus IOL
Steven G. Schallhorn, MD; Keith A. Hettinger, MS; David Teenan, MD; Jan A. Venter, MD; Stephen J. Hannan, OD; Julie M. Schallhorn, MD | March 2020
To identify independent factors associated with postoperative satisfaction after refractive lens exchange with an extended depth of focus intraocular lens (EDOF IOL).
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Outcomes of a Refractive Segmented Bifocal Intraocular Lens with a Lower Near Addition
Jan A Venter, Barrie M Collins, Stephen J Hannan, David Teenan, Julie M Schallhorn | August 2022
To evaluate clinical and subjective outcomes of a segmented bifocal IOL with a 2.0 D near addition.
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Early Clinical Experience with a New Hydrophobic Acrylic Single-Piece Monofocal Intraocular Lens
Steven C. Schallhorn, David Teenan, Jan A. Venter, Julie M. Schallhorn, Stephen J. Hannan | November 2023
To evaluate early clinical outcomes and adverse events in cataract patients following implantation of a monofocal
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hydrophobic acrylic IOL with a new optimized non-constant aberration-correcting design. -
Effect of residual sphere on uncorrected visual acuity and satisfaction in patients with monofocal and multifocal intraocular lenses
Steven C. Schallhorn, MD, Keith A. Hettinger, MS, Stephen J. Hannan, OD, Jan A. Venter, MD, David Teenan, MD, Julie M. Schallhorn, MD | May 2024
To assess the effect of residual sphere on vision and
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satisfaction in pseudophakic patients.
Laser eye surgery papers
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Incidence of Intraoperative and Early Postoperative Adverse Events in a Large Cohort of Consecutive Laser Vision Correction Treatments
Julie M. Schallhorn, Steven C. Schallhorn, David Teenan, Stephen J. Hannan, Martina Pelouskova, Jan A. Venter | December 2019
To evaluate the incidence of adverse events (AE) following laser vision correction.
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Effect of Gender and Procedure on Patient - Reported Dry Eye Symptoms After Laser Vision Correction
Julie M. Schallhorn, MD, MS; Martina Pelouskova, MSc; Catherine Oldenburg, PhD; David Teenan, MD; Stephen J. Hannan, OD; Steven C. Schallhorn, MD | January 2019
This paper evaluates factors associated with the change in dry eye symptoms following Laser Vision Correction.The retrospective analysis considered 13,319 patients that underwent either LASIK or PRK (LASEK).
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Monovision LASIK in emmetropic presbyopic patients
Michelle Y Peng, Stephen Hannan, David Teenan, Steven J Schallhorn, Julie M Schallhorn. | September 2018
To evaluate the efficacy and patient satisfaction of laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) monovision correction in presbyopic emmetropic patients.
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Monovision LASIK Versus Presbyopia-Correcting IOL:s Comparison of Clinical and Patient-Reported Outcomes
Steven C. Schallhorn, MD; David Teenan, MD; Jan A. Venter, MD; Julie M. Schallhorn, MD, MS; Keith A. Hettinger, MS; Stephen J. Hannan, OD; Martina Pelouskova, MSc | July 2017
To compare clinical and quality of life, out-comes between patients who underwent monovision LASIK and refractive lens exchange.
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Effectiveness of an Eyelid Thermal Pulsation Procedure to Treat Recalcitrant Dry Eye Symptoms After Laser Vision Correction
Craig S. Schallhorn, MD; Julie M. Schallhorn, MD; Stephen Hannan, OD; Steven C. Schallhorn, MD | 2017
To provide an initial retrospective evaluation of the effectiveness of a thermal pulsation system to treat intractable patient-reported dye eye symptoms following laser vision correction.
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Infectious keratitis after laser vision correction: Incidence and risk factors
Julie M. Schallhorn, MD, MS, Steven C. Schallhorn, MD, Keith Hettinger, MS, Stephen Hannan, OD | April 2017
To describe the incidence and risk factors associated with microbial keratitis in a large population of laser vision correction (LVC) patients.
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Outcomes and complications of excimer laser surgery in patients with collagen vascular and other immune-mediated inflammatory diseases
Julie M. Schallhorn, MD, MS, Steven C. Schallhorn, MD, Keith A. Hettinger, MS, Jan A. Venter, MD, Martina Pelouskova, MSc, David Teenan, MD, Stephen J. Hannan, OD | December 2016
To assess refractive and visual outcomes and postoperative complications in a large number of patients with well-controlled collagen vascular and other immune-mediated inflammatory diseases.
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Monovision Approach to Presbyopia
Dasi Raju | December 2016
Presbyopia affects an estimated 10.4 billion people globally and, as eye care providers, we are faced with the daily challenge of finding the best solution for our presbyopic patients. There are numerous approaches to treat presbyopia, each has its own benefits and limitations.
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Patient-reported outcomes 5 years after laser in situ keratomileusis
Steven C. Schallhorn, MD, Jan A. Venter, MD, David Teenan, MD, Stephen J. Hannan, OD, Keith A. Hettinger, MS, Martina Pelouskova, MSc, Julie M. Schallhorn, MD | June 2016
To assess vision-related, quality-of-life outcomes 5 years after laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) and determine factors predictive of patient satisfaction.
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Flap-related infections
Steven Schallhorn, MD | April 2016
Corneal infection after creation of a lamellar ap is a potentially devastating complication of LASIK. As demonstrated by the steadily falling number of infectious keratitis cases following corneal refractive surgery, the risk of infection can be reduced through surgical technique, increased awareness, and proper prophylaxis.
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Optical Express Case Study: Options of refractive surgery
Mesha Tanna | March 2016
Mesha Tanna describes a case study involving a young lawyer who wanted to stop wearing contact lenses due to lifestyle factors, demonstrating the effectiveness of iDesign Intralase Lasik.
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Effect of postoperative keratometry on quality of vision in the postoperative period after myopic wavefront-guided laser in situ keratomileusis
Steven C. Schallhorn, MD, Jan A. Venter, MD, Stephen J. Hannan, OD, Keith A. Hettinger, MS, David Teenan, MD | December 2015
To determine whether postoperative keratometry is a predictor of patient-reported satisfaction and night-vision phenomena after wavefront-guided myopic laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK).
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Flap lift and photorefractive keratectomy enhancements after primary laser in situ keratomileusis using a wavefront-guided ablation profile: Refractive and visual outcomes
Steven C. Schallhorn, MD, Jan A. Venter, MD, Stephen J. Hannan, OD, Keith A. Hettinger, MS, David Teenan, MD | November 2015
To analyze results of wavefront-guided laser vision correction retreatments performed either by lifting the original flap or by surface ablation over the flap.
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Outcomes of wavefront-guided laser in situ keratomileusis using a new-generation Hartmann-Shack aberrometer in patients with high myopia
Steven C. Schallhorn, MD, Jan A. Venter, MD, Stephen J. Hannan, OD, Keith A. Hettinger, MS | September 2015
To evaluate refractive and visual outcomes of wavefront-guided laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) to correct high myopia using a new Hartmann-Shack aberrometer.
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Clinical outcomes of wavefront-guided laser in situ keratomileusis to treat moderate-to-high astigmatism
Steven C Schallhorn, Jan A Venter, Stephen J Hannan, Keith A Hettinger | 13th July 2015
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the refractive and visual outcomes of wavefront-guided laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) in eyes with myopic astigmatism and cylindrical component 2.0 diopter (D).
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Wavefront-Guided Photorefractive Keratectomy with the Use of a New Hartmann-Shack Aberrometer in Patients with Myopia and Compound Myopic Astigmatism
Steven C. Schallhorn, Jan A. Venter, Stephen J. Hannan, and Keith A. Hettinger | April 2015; revised July 2015
To assess refractive and visual outcomes and patient satisfaction of wavefront-guided photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) in eyes with myopia and compound myopic astigmatism, with the ablation profile derived from a new Hartmann-Shack aberrometer.
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Factors that Influence Intraocular Pressure Changes after Myopic and Hyperopic LASIK and Photorefractive Keratectomy
Julie M. Schallhorn, MD, MS, Steven C. Schallhorn, MD, Yvonne Ou | March 2015
To describe the factors that influence the measured intraocular pressure (IOP) change and to develop a predictive model after myopic and hyperopic LASIK and photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) in a large population. The Optical Express database was queried for all subjects. Data were extracted on procedure specifics, preoperative central corneal thickness (CCT), IOP (using noncontact tonometry), manifest refraction, average keratometry, age, gender, and postoperative IOP at 1 week, 1 month, and 3 months. A linear mixed methods model was used for data analysis.
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Non-penetrating Femtosecond Laser Intrastromal Astigmatic Keratotomy in Patients With Mixed Astigmatism After Previous Refractive Surgery
Jan Venter, MD; Rodney Blumenfeld, MD; Steve Schallhorn, MD; Martina Pelouskova, MSc | November 2013
To report the outcomes of the correction of mixed astigmatism with non-penetrating femtosecond laser intrastromal astigmatic keratotomy in patients with previous refractive surgery.
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The Role of the Mesopic Pupil on Patient-Reported Outcomes in Young Patients With Myopia 1 Month After Wavefront-Guided LASIK
Steven Schallhorn, MD; Mitch Brown, OD; Jan Venter, MD; Keith Hettinger, MS; Stephen Hannan, OD | November 2013
To determine the relationship between lowlight pupil size and patient-reported outcomes 1 month after wavefront-guided LASIK in young patients with myopia.
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Early Clinical Outcomes of Wavefront-Guided Myopic LASIK Treatments Using a New-Generation Hartmann-Shack Aberrometer
Steven Schallhorn, MD; Mitch Brown, OD; Jan Venter, MD; David Teenan, FRCS(Ed), FRCOphth; Keith Hettinger, MS; Hiromi Yamamoto, BS | August 2013
To provide an initial retrospective evaluation of early postoperative outcomes after wavefront-guided myopic LASIK using a new-generation Hartmann-Shack wavefront sensor.
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The Effect of Procedure Room Temperature and Humidity on LASIK Outcomes
Michael I. Seider, MD, Stephen D. McLeod, MD, Travis C. Porco, PhD, MPH, Steven C. Schallhorn, MDlens_anchor | March 2013
To determine whether procedure room temperature or humidity during LASIK affect refractive outcomes in a large patient sample.
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Non-penetrating Femtosecond Laser Intrastromal Astigmatic Keratotomy in Patients With Mixed Astigmatism After Previous Refractive Surgery
Jan Venter, MD; Rodney Blumenfeld, MD; Steve Schallhorn, MD; Martina Pelouskova, MSc | December 2012
To report the outcomes of the correction of mixed astigmatism with non-penetrating femtosecond laser intrastromal astigmatic keratotomy in patients with previous refractive surgery.
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Early Flap Displacement after LASIK
Gerry Clare, FRCOphth, Tara C. B. Moore, PhD, Claire Grills, PhD, Antonio Leccisotti, MD, PhD, Johnny E. Moore, FRCOphth, PhD, Steve Schallhorn, MD | September 2011
To evaluate the risks of flap displacement after LASIK.
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One-month Outcomes of Wavefront-guided LASIK for Low to Moderate Myopia With the VISX STAR S4 Laser in 32,569 Eyes
Steven C. Schallhorn, MD; Jan A. Venter, MD | July 2009
To determine the safety and effi cacy of wavefront-guided LASIK for the correction of low to moderate myopia, as performed by surgeons employed by Optical Express, a large corporate provider.
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Femtosecond Laser Versus Mechanical Microkeratome: A Retrospective Comparison of Visual Outcomes at 3 Months
Mesha Tanna, BSc(Hons), MCOptom; Steven C. Schallhorn, MD; Keith A. Hettinger, MS, MBA | July 2009
To compare the visual outcomes of LASIK procedures in which fl aps were created with a femtosecond laser (IntraLase FS 60Hz, Abbott Medical Optics [AMO]) to procedures in which flaps were created with a mechanical microkeratome (Moria Evo3 One Use-Plus, Moria SA).
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Effect of Keratometry on Visual Outcomes 1 Month After Hyperopic LASIK
Jill J. Young, BSc(Hons), MCOptom; Steven C. Schallhorn, MD; Mitchell C. Brown, OD; Keith A. Hettinger, MS, MBA | July 2009
To determine whether preoperative, postoperative, or change in keratometry can be used to predict visual outcomes in hyperopic LASIK.
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An Evidence-based Approach to Patient Selection for Laser Vision Correction
Mitchell C. Brown, OD | July 2009
To describe the process used by Optical Express, a large corporate refractive surgery provider, to develop evidence-based patient selection guidelines for laser vision correction.
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Satisfaction of 13,655 Patients With Laser Vision Correction at 1 Month After Surgery
Mitchell C. Brown, OD; Steven C. Schallhorn, MD; Keith A. Hettinger, MS, MBA; Stephanie E. Malady, BS | July 2009
To assess the level of laser vision correction patient satisfaction achieved by a large corporate provider of refractive surgery.
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Three-Month Outcomes of Laser Vision Correction for Myopia and Hyperopia in Adults With Amblyopia
Xi Liu, Steven C. Schallhorn, Stephen J. Hannan, David Teenan, Julie M. Schallhorn | June 2020
To evaluate the visual outcomes of laser vision correction in adults with myopic and hyperopic amblyopia.
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Comparison of the 1st Generation and 3rd Generation Wavefront-Guided LASIK for the Treatment of Myopia and Myopic Astigmatism
Stephen J. Hannan, David Teenan, Jan A. Venter, Keith A. Hettinger, Colin W. Berry, Noelle C. Hannan, Huba J. Kiss, Dasi Raju, Julie M. Schallhorn | November 2023
To compare refractive, visual, and patient-reported outcomes associated with a 1st generation wavefront-guided (WFG)
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treatment with those associated with a 3rd generation WFG treatment.
General papers
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Informed consent in refractive surgery: in-person vs telemedicine approach
Steven C Schallhorn, Stephen J Hannan, David Teenan, Martina Pelouskvoa, Julie M Schallhorn. | December 2018
The aim of this study was to compare the quality of consent process in refractive surgery between patients who had a preoperative consent discussion with the surgeon using a telemedicine approach and those who had face-to-face discussion.
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Role of the treating surgeon in the consent process for elective refractive surgery
Steven C Schallhorn; Stephen J Hannan; David Teenan; Julie M Schallhorn | November 2016
To compare patient's perception of consent quality, clinical and quality-of-life outcomes after laser vision correction (LVC) and refractive lens exchange (RLE) between patients who met their treating surgeon prior to the day of surgery (PDOS) or on the day of surgery (DOS).
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2010 Laser Vision Correction: Using Biostatistics to Revolutionise Refractive Surgery Outcomes
H Burkhard Dick, MD; Mitchell C. Brown, OD; Steven C. Schallhorn, MD; Joseph Colin, MD; Keith A. Hettinger, MS, MBA; John A. Vukich, MD | April 2010
Refractive surgeons everywhere can benefit from the lessons learned by Optical Express.
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Using an International Medical Advisory Board to Guide Clinical Governance in a Corporate Refractive Surgery Model
John A. Vukich, MD | July 2009
To describe the role played by the International Medical Advisory Board (IMAB) in clinical and corporate governance at Optical Express, a corporate provider of refractive surgery.
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The Role of Biostatistics in the Quality Improvement of Refractive Surgery
Keith A. Hettinger, MS, MBA | July 2009
To demonstrate how the large quantity of uniformly collected data available to a corporate refractive surgery provider, Optical Express, is applied to drive improvements in patient outcomes.
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A Complex Case Management System Provides Optimal Care for All Patients
Jan A. Venter, MD; Stephen J. Hannan, MCOptom | July 2009
To describe the complex case management system developed by Optical Express, a large corporate provider of laser vision correction, and to detail the benefits this system offers for managing the surgical complications of laser vision correction.
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Developments in Collagen Cross-Linking Technique
Mesha Tanna | June 2016
To list the function and development in Collagen Cross-Linking Techniques.
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